Feline Hemoplasmosis without biochemical analysis protocols

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생화학적 분석 프로토콜이 없는 고양이 혈색소증

생화학적 분석 프로토콜이 없는 고양이 혈색소증

Mycoplasma destroys erythrocyte membranes → intra- and extravascular haemolysis → secondary immune-mediated haemolysis (IMHA) → anaemia, tissue hypoxia.

3월 9, 2025

Case: A cat named mike was diagnosed with Feline Hemoplasmosis.

Vital Signs Presentation:
Severe dehydration, severely pale mucous membranes, depression, hypothermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, severe runny nose, blepharospasm (spasms of the eyelids), conjunctival oedema (swelling of the conjunctiva), severe perforated corneal ulcers

Clinical Diagnosis:

Ultrasound: rapid detection of splenomegaly and mild hepatic steatosis.
CBC findings:
Haemoglobin (HB): 1.8 g/dL
Haematocrit (HCT): 5.3%
Blood smear: positive for mycoplasma.
Slide agglutination test: positive, indicating secondary immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA).

I. Definition of the disease and types of pathogens
Pathogen:

Main types:
Mycoplasma haemofelis (strongly pathogenic, parasitises the surface of erythrocytes and causes severe haemolysis);
Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (weakly pathogenic, often latent infection);
Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis (intermediate pathogenicity).
Routes of transmission: flea bites (primary), bites, blood transfusions, vertical transmission.
Pathogenesis:

Mycoplasma destroys erythrocyte membranes → intra- and extravascular haemolysis → secondary immune-mediated haemolysis (IMHA) → anaemia, tissue hypoxia.

II. Typical clinical manifestations
Systems	Symptoms.	Corresponding presentation of Mike’s case
Circulatory System	Tachycardia (>220bpm), pale mucous membranes	Tachycardia, mucosal pallor (HCT 5.3%)
Respiratory System	Shortness of breath (compensating for hypoxia)	Shortness of breath
Eye	Conjunctival oedema, blepharospasm (hypoxic neurological reflex)	Conjunctival swelling, blepharospasm.
Systemic	Depression, hypothermia (<37°C, metabolic failure)	Hypothermia, severe dehydration.

Emergency treatment protocol in the absence of blood chemistry analysis
1. Core treatment goals:

Correction of anaemia: enhance oxygen-carrying capacity;
Clear pathogens: control mycoplasma proliferation;
Suppressing immune destruction: blocking the IMHA vicious cycle.

Emergency treatment protocol in the absence of blood chemistry analysis
1. Core treatment goals:

Correction of anaemia: enhance oxygen-carrying capacity;
Clear pathogens: control mycoplasma proliferation;
Suppression of immune destruction: blocking the IMHA vicious cycle.

2. Treatment protocol:
Whole blood transfusion (after crossmatching), target HCT ≥ 15%
Antibiotics to control pathogen proliferation
Management of complications such as corneal ulcers routine treatment

After 10 days of treatment, Mike’s body is stable, showing vigour and in good condition, with all indicators up to standard