Why Spay/Neuter Cats? Optimal Timing and Post-Surgery Care

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なぜ猫の避妊・去勢手術なのか？最適なタイミングと術後のケア

なぜ猫の避妊・去勢手術なのか？最適なタイミングと術後のケア

Spaying/neutering is a critical responsibility for pet owners, enhancing feline health and reducing stray animal populations. Females: Eliminates loud heat vocalizations (85–92 dB, akin to drill noise); Males: Reduces urine marking by 97% and aggression by 63% (Cornell University study)

3月 8, 2025

I. Why Spay/Neuter Is Essential

1. Health Protection

Condition	Risks in Unsterilized Cats	Risk Reduction After Surgery
Female Cats	Pyometra (＞50% risk in unspayed females)	100%
	Mammary tumors (risk increases with heat cycles)	90% (if spayed before 6 months)
Male Cats	Testicular cancer/prostate diseases	100%
	Urinary obstruction (hormone-related)	70%

2. Behavioral Benefits

Females: Eliminates loud heat vocalizations (85–92 dB, akin to drill noise);
Males: Reduces urine marking by 97% and aggression by 63% (Cornell University study);
Population Control: 1 unsterilized pair can produce 2 million descendants in 8 years.

II. Optimal Timing: Age and Physiological Stage

1. Ideal Window

Standard Surgery:
- Females: Before first heat (5–6 months old);
- Males: After testicular descent (typically 5–7 months).
Early-Age Neutering:
- For shelters/stray colonies;
- Requirements: ≥8 weeks old and ≥1 kg body weight;
- Benefits: Smaller incision (~1 cm), 40% faster recovery.

2. Special Cases

During Heat: Perform 2 weeks post-heat (to avoid uterine congestion);
Nursing Cats: Wait 4 weeks after weaning;
Senior Cats (＞7 years): Require pre-op kidney/liver tests + cardiac ultrasound.

III. Post-Surgery Care Guidelines

1. Critical Recovery Monitoring (24–72 Hours)

Timeline	Key Care Points	Warning Signs
0–6 Hours	Monitor anesthesia recovery; prevent hypothermia (＜37°C)	Vomiting >3 times/labored breathing
6–24 Hours	Use E-collar to prevent licking	Wound bleeding/swelling >2 cm
24–72 Hours	Offer wet food with water (eases defecation)	No bowel movement/lethargy beyond 48 hours

2. Long-Term Health Management

Metabolic Adjustment:
- Reduce calorie intake by 10–15% post-surgery (20–25% lower BMR in sterilized cats);
- Switch to “sterilized” formulas (e.g., L-carnitine-enhanced diets).
Exercise:
- ≥30 minutes daily interactive play (feather wands/laser pointers);
- Use slow feeders for overweight cats.

IV. Common Myths Debunked

“Surgery is unnatural”: Neutered cats live 12–15 years vs. 6–8 years for unsterilized cats;
“Personality worsens”: 83% show reduced aggression and increased socialization (JAVMA data);
“Let females have one litter first”: Each litter raises mammary tumor risk by 25%.